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Child development is growth of child. Child develop physically, language, cognitive and emotionally. All process of child developing is lifelong process. Child eventually became an adult, but he will still progress in some development. Child growth is extremely important, so each stage of development make them more being independent. Child will finally become an adult and become completely independent from parent or guardian.
0-12 months
- Childs muscles became stronger.
- Start to keep head up.
- Start to sit without support.
- Learn to roll over from tummy to back and back to tommy.
- Learn how to crawl, then stand and making some walking steps with support.
- Child react to well-known voices by smile.
- Start to copy some noises e.g animal sounds. Child starts to respond to well-known voices and respond to their own name.
- Starts to recognise adults which are around them.
- Child start to laugh loud
- May react with tears when has contact with strangers.
- May react with tears when you take them away from main carer.
When seeing 0-12 months child in surgery I need to make sure child feels happy which will make them get used to coming in to the dentist. Dealing with such young can be hard, specialy if child react with tears. As part of child development in this age is separation from main carer so i wouldnt take them form parent or guardian. I would let them sit on parent/guardian knees while providing childsmile session. I could have calming music and let them play with theirs own toys in surgery.
12months- 2 years.
- Child can walk.
- Can walk up and down stairs with support.
- Starts to run.
- Can eat itself.
- Can kick and throw ball.
- Child can make 2 words sentences.
- Can copy sounds and some words.
- Able to name some objects. Child starts to identify well- known people.
- Starts to identify objects and photos.
- Able to follow simple instructions. Child wants to play with older kids.
- Starts to use word mine which indicate I dont want to share it.
- Child is comfortable playing on it own if a familiar people nearby.
- Developing of separation anxiety.
2 years old Children are very difficult to deal with in surgery. They development making them a bit independent and they want to stay that way. They want to be involved in decision making such e.g. They wont open their mouth to show teeth if they dont want to. As dental professionals we must respect that. There is lots of ways to make them feel comfortable and listened to. Children at that age are shy and scared of getting away from their parent/guardian. If we let them to sit on mum or dads knees we will have more success with treatment. Children at this stage has already an understanding so tell show do technique would be brilliant at that stage of development.
3-5 Years
- Child can jump up.
- Able to walk up and down stairs without support.
- Able to brush their own teeth with supervision.
- Learn how to ride balance bike.
- Learn how to ride tricycle. Child can talk in short sentences
- Learn to respond to the question ‘why’ in his own fashion and may ask ‘Why?’ over and over again.
- Vocabulary is growing each year rapidly
- Child start to understand simple stories.
- Learn to count and by age of 5 may be able to do simple math (2+2)
- May enjoy simple puzzles
- Play pretend games (using imagination)
- By age 5, know how to tell a story with a beginning, middle, and end. Child can play with other children.
- When getting frustrating child can get very upset.
- Start to chose what toys or people they want play with.
- Starts to have their own likes and dislikes.
- Learn to share toys with other children.
Children age 3-5 are much easier to work with. They already understand when you try explaining anything to them. They still may be a bit shy or react with tears when they coming to surgery as I am still a stranger to them. To get their trust I need to talk to them. Because they already have their own likes or dislikes of toys or cartoons I can use them as my little help. E.g. if child has Spiderman on his t-shirt I could say something like All superheroes are coming here to get their teeth painted with fluoride. Come and sit up here and I will make your teeth strong just like Spidermans. As child by age of 5 has much better ability in hand movements I can easier explain and show how to brush teeth.
Each Year in Child development is important. Each child develops differently. Some children do things quicker than other. So, we have to take each child individually by their own ability.
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