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The purpose of a PICOT question is simple: It is the mechanism to identify the terms to be used to search for the best evidence to answer a burning clinical question. In other words, the PICOT question is the search strategy. The search strategy leads to an unbiased and effective search. The unbiased and effective search leads to the evidence. The evidence answers the question and underpins the evidence-based recommendation, decision, or practice. Instead of uncovering hundreds of studies, most of which do not answer the clinical question because of a poorly designed PICOT question, use of a correctly formed PICOT question when conducting a search allows for a small number of relevant studies to be discovered to answer the question (Ford & Melnyk, 2019, para. 3).
The correctly written PICOT question to yield the most efficient search would be:
For patients 65 years and older (P), how does the use of an influenza vaccine (I) compared to not received the vaccine (C) influence the risk of developing pneumonia (O) during flu season (T)?
“A bibliography [or “References”] is a list of sources (books, journals, Web sites, periodicals, etc.) one has used for researching a topic…An annotation is a summary and/or evaluation. Therefore, an annotated bibliography includes a summary and/or evaluation of each of the sources” (Purdue University OWL, n.d., para 1.) Here is an example of an APA-formatted annotated bibliographyLinks to an external site..
Surgical site infection (SSI) rates have increased significantly at your hospital. As the unit manager, you have been tasked with reviewing the literature and making subsequent recommendations to determine if a chlorhexidine/alcohol combination skin scrub prior to surgery will decrease your SSI rates as compared to your current practice of betadine skin scrub.
For this assignment:
Create a PICOT question based on the information above. Possible question guides can be found here Download here.
Research your PICOT question using at least 4 peer-reviewed journals. Sources should be less than 5 years old.
Create an APA-formatted annotated bibliography of the references you used to research your PICOT question. Use this template Download template
Create your PICOT question on a Word document and an annotated bibliography on the provided template Download template. Submit both documents in a single upload.
The Writing Center. or Purdue OWLLinks to an external site. have resources to help with APA formatting and the annotated bibliography.
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Rubric
PICOT Question and Annotated Bibliography
PICOT Question and Annotated Bibliography
Criteria Ratings Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeCreation of PICOT Question
15 pts
Exemplary
Learner creates an well-formulated, specific PICOT question based on the scenario provided in the assignment instructions.
9 pts
Proficient
Learner creates a PICOT question based on the scenario provided in the assignment instructions, but the question is missing at least one key element (patient, intervention, comparison intervention or group, outcome, and time).
0 pts
Does not meet expectations
Learner creates a PICOT question based on the scenario provided in the assignment instructions, but the question is missing at least one key element (patient, intervention, comparison intervention or group, outcome, and time) and is not specific enough to be researchable.
15 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAnnotated Bibliography
15 pts
Exemplary
Learner researched the PICOT question using at least 4 peer-reviewed journals. Each journal was less than 5 years old. On the provided template, the learner included properly formulated APA 7th edition references (author, publication date, source) and a summary and/or evaluation of each of the sources. The included annotation is created to help answer the PICOT question.
9 pts
Proficient
Learner researched the PICOT question using 3 peer-reviewed journals. Each journal was less than 5 years old. On the provided template, the learner included properly formulated APA 7th edition references (author, publication date, source) and a summary and/or evaluation of each of the sources. The included annotation is created to help answer the PICOT question.
6 pts
Developing
Learner researched the PICOT question using 2 peer-reviewed journals. Each journal was less than 5 years old. Also use this rating if on the provided template, APA 7th Edition guidelines are generally present; however, references are incorrectly formatted (missing author, publication year, and/or source). Use this rating if a summary and/or evaluation of each of the sources is present, but did not include information/details which would help answer the PICOT question.
0 pts
Does not meet expectations
Learner researched the PICOT question using just 1 peer-reviewed journal OR any of the journals used were more than 5 years old. Also use this rating if APA 7th Edition guidelines are not followed for references (missing author, publication year, and/or source). Submission could benefit from use of the Writing Center.
15 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeProfessionalism of writing
5 pts
Exemplary
The submission represents a professional writing submission. Complete sentences are used, and the paper is free of grammatical and spelling errors.
3 pts
Proficient
Complete sentences are used, and the paper contains 1-2 grammatical and spelling errors.
2 pts
Developing
Complete sentences are used, and the paper contains 3-4 grammatical and spelling errors.
0 pts
Does not meet expectations
Question responses are not all phrased in complete sentences. Entire submission contains numerous (5 or more) grammatical or spelling errors.
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